Cucurbit Crop Cultivation Technology

The germination of melon and watermelon seeds depends on the correct timing of planting. In the central regions of Uzbekistan, early varieties are planted by April 15, mid-season varieties from April 20 to May 10, and late varieties from May 15 to June 10. In southern provinces, early varieties are sown by April 10, mid-season between April 10 and 20, and late varieties between June 10 and 20. In northern areas, early melons and watermelons should be planted by April 20, mid-season from April 25 to May 10, and late varieties between May 20 and 30.

Soil preparation involves autumn plowing to a depth of 35 cm along with the application of mineral and organic fertilizers. In spring, the land is harrowed to preserve moisture and tilled before sowing. Planting begins when the soil temperature reaches 14 to 15 degrees Celsius. Seeds are planted at a depth of 3 to 6 cm in wide furrows with row spacing of 210 to 280 cm.

Although these crops are drought-resistant, irrigation is essential under Uzbekistan's climate. In gray-soil areas, 8 to 9 irrigations are required during the growing season, while in areas with high groundwater levels, 4 to 5 irrigations are sufficient. Excessive soil moisture reduces the sugar content of the fruit and increases the risk of fungal diseases.